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Federal IDR by specialty
Pathology: out-of-network denials and recovery
Surgical pathology, immunohistochemistry, and cytology reads billed by hospital-based pathologists the patient never chose — protected out-of-network claims routinely paid short.
9 disputed pathology codes
Tissue exam under the microscope, level IV
CPT 88305 · surgical specimen
Tissue exam under the microscope, level III
CPT 88304 · surgical specimen
Tissue exam under the microscope, level V
CPT 88307 · surgical specimen
Tissue exam under the microscope, level VI
CPT 88309 · surgical specimen
Immunohistochemistry stain, first marker
CPT 88342 · surgical specimen
Immunohistochemistry stain, each additional marker
CPT 88341 · add-on · surgical specimen
Cytopathology cell study
CPT 88112 · cytology specimen
Cytopathology of body fluid
CPT 88104 · cytology specimen
Cervical cytology screening, automated
CPT 88175 · cytology specimen
Pathology denials by state
Medically & clinically reviewed by Dr. John M. Abrahams, MD
Board-certified neurosurgeon and founder of Sydra · Last reviewed September 2026 · About the author
Sources
Figures reflect the published federal record across all disputes, not a prediction about any individual claim. This is general information, not legal or financial advice.